黃瀛東 (Adam Hwang) - 法律文件翻譯

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中翻英參考案例
邁向2050零碳電力　台電、中研院合推「去碳燃氫」發電
Annie Huang, 台北 [Thursday, February 2, 2023]
台電1日宣布與中研院簽署「減碳及綠能技術發展應用合作備忘錄」，雙方將就去碳燃氫、地熱、海洋能等減碳綠能領域展開合作，透過研發連結應用端之間的配合，縮短開發時程，共同朝2050台灣零碳電力的目標邁進。
台電代理董事長曾文生、台電總經理王耀庭，與中研院院長廖俊智、永續科學中心執行秘書陳于高共同出席「減碳及綠能技術發展應用合作備忘錄」簽署儀式。曾文生表示，期望透過與中研院合作，目標2023年底將第一桶生產出來的氫，搭配興達電廠燃氣機組進行氫混燒測試。
事實上，台電2022年就陸續與西門子能源（Siemens Energy）、三菱集團（Mitsubishi）等國際大廠簽署合作備忘錄（MOU），推動既有發電機組結合新能源應用的燃氣混氫、燃煤混氨發電示範。其中，在燃氣混氫發電計畫上，台電預計興達電廠混氫5%發電示範計畫於2月開工動土，目標2025年落地應用。
2022年台電引進台灣第一套混氫型微氣渦輪發電系統，並成功混燒10%氫，產生潔淨低碳電力，而中研院也啟動「Alpha去碳計畫」，目前已完成將甲烷熱裂解裝置與13kW天然氣發電機串聯，混燒10%氫燃料的概念驗證。
廖俊智表示，此次與台電合作，目的在於希望藉由研發端連結應用端，加速技術落地實踐。而廖俊智就曾多次於公開場合大力推廣去碳燃氫技術，建議台灣淨零科技推動策略應以零碳電力為主軸，鼓勵產學研各界共同投入去碳燃氫的技術發展。
中研院2022年11月發布「台灣淨零科技研發政策建議書」，指出未來五大創新淨零科技，包含：去碳燃氫、地熱、海洋能、高效太陽能電池及生質碳匯。
台電與中研院此次MOU合作內容，包含以「去碳燃氫」發電技術共同開發混氫、全氫發電應用，初期採技術示範，將與台電微氣渦輪機發電技術整合運用於分散式電網。
雙方後續將擴展規模，以去碳燃氫供給氫予國內電廠機組，逐步提高混氫比率與氫供應量；此外，也將針對地熱、海洋能等綠能技術進展及研究成果進行交流。
台電表示，去碳燃氫是提供無碳氫來源用於氫能發電的上游技術，經中研院研發，利用天然氣裂解可持續穩定產製氫與固態碳；其中，氫可做為發電及工業使用，固態碳則可用於工業生產原物料，且產氫過程中不會產生二氧化碳，讓該技術除可提供穩定多元電力，更可發揮減碳效益。
Taipower to introduce methane pyrolysis technology developed by Academia Sinica
Annie Huang, Taipei; Adam Hwang, DIGITIMES Asia
State-run Taiwan Power Company (Taipower) has signed for cooperation with Academia Sinica to introduce methane pyrolysis technology developed by the latter to its natural gas-fired power plants in a bid to reduce carbon dioxide emitted from such plants, according to Taipower.
At general natural gas-fired power plants, combustion of one ton of methane (the major content of natural gas) in power generation emits 2.75 tons of carbon dioxide.
Methane pyrolysis is a thermocatalytic process of thermally decomposing methane into gas-state hydrogen and solid-state carbon black so as to separate hydrogen from natural gas for direct use in power generation, with carbon black being an important industrial material. The thermocatalytic process does not produce carbon dioxide.
Taipower aims to use hydrogen produced from methane pyrolysis in hydrogen co-firing testing at its natural gas-fired power plant in southern Taiwan at the end of 2023, the company said.
The cooperation is intended to combine Academia Sinica's R&D capability with Taipower's power generation to realize practical application of methane pyrolysis technology, Academia Sinica president James Liao noted. Taiwan's goal of attaining net zero carbon emission in 2050 has to strategically focus on carbon-free power generation and therefore it is important to promote cooperation among parties concerned to develop methane pyrolysis technology, Liao indicated.
Taipower in 2022 signed for cooperation with Germany-based Siemens Energy for a pilot project of 5% hydrogen co-firing at the aforementioned natural gas-fired power plant, with the latter to provide equipment and technology. The pilot project will soon come into execution and is expected to be completed in 2025.
In addition, Taipower in 2022 introduced a hydrogen co-firing micro gas turbine generator and has succeeded in trial use of 10% hydrogen co-firing in natural gas-fired power generation.
Academia Sinica integrated methane pyrolysis equipment with a 13kW natural gas-fired power generator and finished PoC (proof of concept) for 10% hydrogen co-firing. The academic organization aims to finish development of methane pyrolysis equipment that can decompose 40% of methane contained in natural gas by 2025.
The cooperation between Taipower and Academia also covers use of 100% hydrogen in power generation and sharing of results of research and technological development regarding geothermal energy and ocean energy.

確立商業模式、拓展海外市場　車王電專注電動大巴
Ninelu Tu, 台北 [Wednesday, January 18, 2023]
在全球淨零碳排趨勢下，市區及公共巴士全面電動化已經成為全球各城市共通的趨勢。車王電子兼華德動能董事長蔡裕慶指出，台灣規劃2030年時市區巴士全面電動化；但整體市場規模仍有限，所以將著眼在全球市場發展。同時，要以生態系統整合模式服務客戶，鎖定全球電動巴士市場發展。
為達成淨零碳排目標，台灣在2022年3月公布了2050淨零排放路徑及策略，針對碳排量高的公路運輸領域，規畫在2030年前，分三階段完成1.8萬輛市區公車全面電動化目標。
因此吸引包括車王電集團旗下華德動能、成運、鴻華先進等多家業者積極參與。不過，由於僧多粥少，僅是台灣市場，勢必無法滿足業者發展上的需求。
因此，業者紛紛將目光鎖定在海外市場。像是鴻華先進以印尼等東南亞地區為目標，成運則是參與了沙烏地阿拉伯推動Saudi Vision 2030的計畫。
華德動能除透過日本住友商事的管道，選定以日本為優先推動的目標市場外，也將目光鎖定了印度、中南美等公共工程相對缺乏的區域，進行發展規劃。
蔡裕慶透露，目前在台灣已經有400~500輛電動公車運行中，2022年在日本福岡也已經導入進行試運行。而且目前除了日本西鐵集團外，也有其他業者正在進行接觸。
另外，像是中南美、東南亞及印度等地，也都各自有龐大的市場需求，也都是車王電積極爭取的市場。蔡裕慶指出，電動巴士在全球都屬於公共政策的一環，不過每個國家遇到的情況不同。
車王電與華德動能提供的不僅是車輛製造，同時還握有自行研發設計的關鍵零組件，以及後台相關的軟體系統與平台。所以面對不同的市場情況，可以提出不同的解決方案，甚是透過技術移轉或建立夥伴關係等方式進行市場推展。
以日本市場為例，基於價格等因素，在日本無法直接推全新電動巴士的銷售，所以採用與日本在地夥伴合作，由華德動能提供關鍵系統，再透過日本夥伴進行燃油引擎換裝，透過改裝方式切入日本市場。
另外，像是印度市場，由於巴士的造價便宜，也是透過與在地業者合作的方式，再由華德動能進行系統供應。

車王電與華德動能，除車輛製造與關鍵零組件之外，還結合了先進公車動態系統、車隊管理營運平台等與營運管理相關的應用軟體及平台。也能針對後續能源的後台案場進行規劃，可說是電動巴士產業最完整的解決方案。
蔡裕慶強調，中小型企業如果跟著其他業者的發展方向走，結果一定會掛。不同於其他業者是銷售車輛，車王電要賣的是一整套服務，所以需要軟體、電氣化、自駕化及車隊管理等不同軟硬體次系統平台。
畢竟，傳統市場競爭者太多，而且電動巴士的推展，又涉及到在地化的問題。所以掌握關鍵技術，協助在地業者組成產業生態系統，提供更完善的全方位解決方案，會是車王電最強大的競爭力。
RAC Electric Vehicles to tap overseas electric bus markets
Ninelu Tu, Taipei; Adam Hwang, DIGITIMES Asia
Electric bus maker RAC Electric Vehicles has gained a firm foothold in the Taiwan market and, in view of relatively small domestic demand, will tap overseas markets in Japan, Southeast Asia, India and Latin America, according to company chairman Kim Tsai.
The Taiwan government, in line ********* the goal of attaining net zero carbon emission in 2050, aims to replace 18,000 ICE (internal combustion engine) buses used in urban public transportation with electric ones in three phases by 2030. But because the demand is not large enough, Taiwan-based electric bus makers/developers have begun to seek overseas demand to support business operation.
For example, Foxtron Vehicle Technologies aims to tap markets in Indonesia and other Southeast Asian countries while Master Transportation Bus Manufacturing participates in Saudi Vision 2030, Saudi Arabia's strategic framework to reduce the country's dependence on oil, diversify economy and develop public service sectors.
RAC has been tapping the Japan market by virtue of Sumitomo Corp's channels there, and began trial operation of electric buses in Fukuoka City in 2022 through cooperation with Nishi-Nippon (western Japan) Railroad. In addition, RAC is in talks with other Japan-based enterprises.
However, it is unfeasible for RAC to sell new electric buses in the Japan market because this is very costly. Instead, RAC has adopted a business model of remodeling fuel buses by which RAC cooperates with local partners for them to replace ICEs of fuel buses with electric power-driving systems supplied by RAC.
In the India market, RAC will supply electric power-driving systems for local partners to assemble electric buses because local assembly cost is very low.
Some of components of electric buses used by RAC are produced by Mobiletron Electronics, RAC's parent company. Besides production of electric buses, RAC has developed application software used in monitoring of electric bus running conditions and management platforms for electric bus fleets.
As promotion of electric buses concerns localized production, RAC adopts a marketing strategy of providing hardware and software technologies to help local partners in overseas markets form ecosystems so as to provide total solutions catering to the corresponding markets, Tsai indicated.

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